I've had some success in the past booting from a modern Linux installer live image (Unbuntu, Fedora) and using the partition manager in it, but tough to say if the issue you describe is something it could handle.
There is something called testdisk. As I understand it, it finds inconsistencies and fixes them. But all I really know is that it has made some external drives work for me. Maybe CHKDSK would have: but I don't have a windows machine.
Another thought is... If you can boot from a Linux-distro thumbdrive, you can at least take a look around. If visible, perhaps copy some important stuff off the SSD.
The vital thing is to do nothing that *writes* to the damaged disk/partition. Unless or until you know what you are doing, or one of the tools @Kernel Kurtz recommends is fixing stuff for you.
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